Does Rhubarb Grow in Australia? A Comprehensive Guide

Rhubarb, a perennial vegetable belonging to the Polygonaceae family, is renowned for its culinary versatility and tart flavor. Its stalks are commonly used in pies, crumbles, jams, and other desserts, adding a unique tangy note to these dishes. In Australia, there is a growing interest in cultivating rhubarb in home gardens, owing to its adaptability and ease of care. This article aims to provide comprehensive guidance on growing rhubarb in Australia, covering climate requirements, suitable varieties, soil preparation, planting techniques, care and maintenance, pest and disease management, harvesting and storage, culinary uses, and propagation methods.

Climate Requirements for Rhubarb in Australia

Rhubarb thrives in cool, temperate climates with well-defined seasons. In Australia, the ideal regions for growing rhubarb include the southern states, such as Victoria, Tasmania, and South Australia, as well as the cooler highland areas of New South Wales and Queensland. These regions offer the necessary conditions for successful rhubarb cultivation, including:

  • Temperature: Rhubarb prefers moderate temperatures, with an ideal range of 10-20°C (50-68°F). It can tolerate light frosts but may struggle in excessively hot or humid conditions.
  • Sunlight: Rhubarb requires full sun to partial shade for optimal growth. In areas with intense summer sun, providing some shade during the hottest part of the day can prevent the leaves from scorching.
  • Moisture: Rhubarb has a moderate water requirement and prefers consistently moist soil. However, it is susceptible to waterlogging, so good drainage is essential.

Varieties of Rhubarb for Australian Gardens

Several rhubarb varieties are well-suited to Australian conditions, each offering unique characteristics and flavor profiles. Some popular choices include:

  • ‘Victoria’: A classic variety known for its large, tender stalks with a mild, sweet flavor. It is a reliable producer and performs well in most regions of Australia.
  • ‘Timperley Early’: An early-season variety that produces long, slender stalks with a bright red color and a tart flavor. It is a good choice for areas with shorter growing seasons.
  • ‘Sutton’s Seedless’: A variety that produces fewer seeds, resulting in a more tender and flavorful stalk. It is suitable for both cooking and eating fresh.

Soil Preparation and Planting

Proper soil preparation is crucial for successful rhubarb cultivation. Rhubarb prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 6.8. To prepare the soil:

  1. Till the soil: Loosen the soil to a depth of at least 30 cm (12 inches) to create a well-aerated environment for root development.
  2. Add organic matter: Incorporate compost, well-rotted manure, or other organic matter to improve soil structure and fertility.
  3. Adjust pH: If necessary, adjust the soil pH to the desired range using agricultural lime or sulfur.

When planting rhubarb, follow these steps:

  1. Choose a planting site: Select a location that receives full sun to partial shade and has well-drained soil.
  2. Dig planting holes: Dig holes large enough to accommodate the roots of the rhubarb crowns or divisions.
  3. Space the plants: Plant the rhubarb crowns or divisions at a spacing of 90-120 cm (3-4 feet) apart to allow for proper growth and air circulation.
  4. Plant the crowns: Place the rhubarb crowns or divisions in the holes, ensuring that the buds are facing upwards and the roots are spread out.
  5. Cover the roots: Backfill the holes with soil and gently firm it down to secure the plants.
  6. Water thoroughly: Water the plants deeply to settle the soil and encourage root growth.

Care and Maintenance

Regular care and maintenance are essential for healthy and productive rhubarb plants.

  • Watering: Water rhubarb plants regularly, especially during dry spells. Aim to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
  • Mulching: Apply a layer of mulch, such as straw, compost, or shredded leaves, around the plants to conserve moisture, suppress weeds, and protect the roots from extreme temperatures.
  • Fertilizing: Fertilize rhubarb plants in spring and autumn with a balanced fertilizer to promote healthy growth and abundant harvests.

Pest and Disease Management

Rhubarb is generally a pest- and disease-resistant plant, but it can be susceptible to certain issues in Australia.

  • Aphids: These small, sap-sucking insects can cause leaf curling and stunted growth. Control aphids by spraying the plants with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
  • Slugs and snails: These pests can damage the leaves and stems of rhubarb plants. Use physical barriers, such as copper tape or crushed eggshells, to deter these pests.
  • Crown rot: This fungal disease can cause the roots and crown of the plant to rot, leading to wilting and death. Ensure good drainage and avoid overwatering to prevent crown rot.

Harvesting and Storage

Rhubarb is typically ready to harvest in late spring or early summer, approximately 12-18 months after planting. To harvest rhubarb:

  1. Select mature stalks: Choose stalks that are at least 2.5 cm (1 inch) in diameter and have a deep red color.
  2. Pull the stalks: Grasp the base of the stalk and gently pull it upwards to remove it from the plant.
  3. Avoid cutting: Cutting the stalks can damage the plant and reduce future yields.

To store rhubarb, wrap the stalks in a damp paper towel and place them in the refrigerator. Rhubarb can be stored for up to a week in the refrigerator or for several months in the freezer.

Culinary Uses and Recipes

Rhubarb is a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of culinary applications.

  • Desserts: Rhubarb is commonly used in pies, crumbles, tarts, and other sweet dishes. Its tart flavor pairs well with sweet fruits, such as strawberries and apples.
  • Sauces and jams: Rhubarb can be made into sauces, jams, and preserves, which can be enjoyed on toast, crackers, or as a condiment with meats.
  • Beverages: Rhubarb can be used to make refreshing juices, cordials, and wines.

Conclusion

Growing rhubarb in Australia is a rewarding experience that can provide a delicious and versatile addition to your garden. By following the guidance provided in this article, you can successfully cultivate rhubarb in your Australian garden, enjoying its culinary delights and the satisfaction of growing your own produce.

References

  1. Growing Rhubarb in Western Australia: https://www.agric.wa.gov.au/rhubarb/growing-rhubarb-western-australia
  2. Rhubarb: https://www.gardenate.com/plant/Rhubarb?zone=2
  3. Does ‘Victoria’ Rhubarb Still Exist? (Food for thought): https://growingfruit.org/t/does-victoria-rhubarb-still-exist-food-for-thought/53377

FAQs

Does rhubarb grow in Australia?

Yes, rhubarb can be grown in Australia, particularly in the cooler regions with well-defined seasons, such as the southern states and the cooler highland areas of New South Wales and Queensland.

What are the ideal climate conditions for growing rhubarb in Australia?

Rhubarb prefers moderate temperatures (10-20°C or 50-68°F), full sun to partial shade, and consistently moist but well-drained soil.

Which rhubarb varieties are well-suited to Australian conditions?

Popular rhubarb varieties for Australia include ‘Victoria’, ‘Timperley Early’, and ‘Sutton’s Seedless’, which are known for their adaptability, productivity, and flavor.

How should rhubarb be planted in Australia?

Choose a planting site with well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. Plant rhubarb crowns or divisions in holes large enough to accommodate the roots, spacing them 90-120 cm (3-4 feet) apart. Cover the roots with soil and water thoroughly.

What are the care and maintenance requirements for rhubarb in Australia?

Water rhubarb plants regularly to keep the soil consistently moist. Apply a layer of mulch around the plants to conserve moisture, suppress weeds, and protect the roots. Fertilize rhubarb plants in spring and autumn with a balanced fertilizer.

How can pests and diseases affecting rhubarb in Australia be managed?

Common pests include aphids and slugs/snails, which can be controlled using insecticidal soap or neem oil and physical barriers, respectively. Crown rot, a fungal disease, can be prevented by ensuring good drainage and avoiding overwatering.

When and how should rhubarb be harvested in Australia?

Rhubarb is typically ready to harvest in late spring or early summer. Select mature stalks that are at least 2.5 cm (1 inch) in diameter and have a deep red color. Gently pull the stalks upwards to remove them from the plant, avoiding cutting.

How can rhubarb be stored?

Wrap rhubarb stalks in a damp paper towel and store them in the refrigerator for up to a week. For longer storage, rhubarb can be frozen for several months.